Did you then also add the new middleware to your router? From a quick search it seems this could be your issue (see here: WebSockets not working after migrating to Traefik 2.0)
labels:
- "traefik.enable=true"
- "traefik.http.routers.guacamole.rule=Host(`remote.domain.xx`)"
- "traefik.http.routers.guacamole.tls=true"
- "traefik.http.middlewares.guacamole-prefix.addprefix.prefix=/guacamole"
- "traefik.http.middlewares.guacamole-sslheader.headers.customrequestheaders.X-Forwarded-Proto=https"
- "traefik.http.routers.guacamole.middlewares=guacamole-prefix,guacamole-sslheader"