How to set up traefik for a test environment on non-standard ports?

Traefik Traefik v2
1

I run several docker containers and currently access them though a plugin in Caddy (https://github.com/lucaslorentz/caddy-docker-proxy). The functionality is similar to the one in Traefik: automatically providing a proxy to the containers.

I am considering to switch to Traefik and wanted, on the same system, test some functionalities. Ports 80 and 443 are served by the caddy proxy so I wanted to organize my test setup like that:

To do that I created docker-compose configurations (example.info is actually the real domain in the configs):

# traefik
services:
  traefik:
    container_name: traefik
    image: traefik
    ports:
      - 40080:40080
      - 48080:8080
      - 40443:40443
    restart: unless-stopped
    volumes:
      - /etc/docker/container-data/traefik/traefik.yml:/etc/traefik/traefik.yml
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
version: "3"

# whoami
whoami:
    # A container that exposes an API to show its IP address
    image: containous/whoami
    labels:
      - traefik.http.routers.whoami.rule=Host(`whoami.example.info`)
      - traefik.enable=true

The Traefik config file:

# cat /etc/docker/container-data/traefik/traefik.yml                                                                                root@srv
entryPoints:
  web:
    address: ":40080"
  websecure:
    address: ":40443"
api:
  insecure: true
providers:
  docker:
    endpoint: "unix:///var/run/docker.sock"
    exposedByDefault: false
    network: traefik_default
log:
  level: DEBUG

After starting the containers, I ran

~ # curl -H Host:whoami.example.info http://whoami.example.info:40080
Gateway Timeout

On the Traefik console, the output is

time="2020-01-13T16:26:45Z" level=debug msg="vulcand/oxy/roundrobin/rr: begin ServeHttp on request" Request="{\"Method\":\"GET\",\"URL\":{\"Scheme\":\"\",\"Opaque\":\"\",\"User\":null,\"Host\":\"\",\"Path\":\"/\",\"RawPath\":\"\",\"ForceQuery\":false,\"RawQuery\":\"\",\"Fragment\":\"\"},\"Proto\":\"HTTP/1.1\",\"ProtoMajor\":1,\"ProtoMinor\":1,\"Header\":{\"Accept\":[\"*/*\"],\"User-Agent\":[\"curl/7.58.0\"],\"X-Forwarded-Host\":[\"whoami.example.info\"],\"X-Forwarded-Port\":[\"80\"],\"X-Forwarded-Proto\":[\"http\"],\"X-Forwarded-Server\":[\"b22c64039593\"],\"X-Real-Ip\":[\"192.168.10.2\"]},\"ContentLength\":0,\"TransferEncoding\":null,\"Host\":\"whoami.example.info\",\"Form\":null,\"PostForm\":null,\"MultipartForm\":null,\"Trailer\":null,\"RemoteAddr\":\"192.168.10.2:49718\",\"RequestURI\":\"/\",\"TLS\":null}"
time="2020-01-13T16:26:45Z" level=debug msg="vulcand/oxy/roundrobin/rr: Forwarding this request to URL" ForwardURL="http://172.17.0.2:80" Request="{\"Method\":\"GET\",\"URL\":{\"Scheme\":\"\",\"Opaque\":\"\",\"User\":null,\"Host\":\"\",\"Path\":\"/\",\"RawPath\":\"\",\"ForceQuery\":false,\"RawQuery\":\"\",\"Fragment\":\"\"},\"Proto\":\"HTTP/1.1\",\"ProtoMajor\":1,\"ProtoMinor\":1,\"Header\":{\"Accept\":[\"*/*\"],\"User-Agent\":[\"curl/7.58.0\"],\"X-Forwarded-Host\":[\"whoami.example.info\"],\"X-Forwarded-Port\":[\"80\"],\"X-Forwarded-Proto\":[\"http\"],\"X-Forwarded-Server\":[\"b22c64039593\"],\"X-Real-Ip\":[\"192.168.10.2\"]},\"ContentLength\":0,\"TransferEncoding\":null,\"Host\":\"whoami.example.info\",\"Form\":null,\"PostForm\":null,\"MultipartForm\":null,\"Trailer\":null,\"RemoteAddr\":\"192.168.10.2:49718\",\"RequestURI\":\"/\",\"TLS\":null}"
time="2020-01-13T16:27:15Z" level=debug msg="'504 Gateway Timeout' caused by: dial tcp 172.17.0.2:80: i/o timeout"
time="2020-01-13T16:27:15Z" level=debug msg="vulcand/oxy/roundrobin/rr: completed ServeHttp on request" Request="{\"Method\":\"GET\",\"URL\":{\"Scheme\":\"\",\"Opaque\":\"\",\"User\":null,\"Host\":\"\",\"Path\":\"/\",\"RawPath\":\"\",\"ForceQuery\":false,\"RawQuery\":\"\",\"Fragment\":\"\"},\"Proto\":\"HTTP/1.1\",\"ProtoMajor\":1,\"ProtoMinor\":1,\"Header\":{\"Accept\":[\"*/*\"],\"User-Agent\":[\"curl/7.58.0\"],\"X-Forwarded-Host\":[\"whoami.example.info\"],\"X-Forwarded-Port\":[\"80\"],\"X-Forwarded-Proto\":[\"http\"],\"X-Forwarded-Server\":[\"b22c64039593\"],\"X-Real-Ip\":[\"192.168.10.2\"]},\"ContentLength\":0,\"TransferEncoding\":null,\"Host\":\"whoami.example.info\",\"Form\":null,\"PostForm\":null,\"MultipartForm\":null,\"Trailer\":null,\"RemoteAddr\":\"192.168.10.2:49718\",\"RequestURI\":\"/\",\"TLS\":null}"

My understanding is that the route matched, the request was sent to the backend (whoami) but it failed to answer. I tried the same exercise with another such test container (https://hub.docker.com/r/vad1mo/hello-world-rest/) - with the same timeout.

What could be the reason for that? What needs to be changed in the configuration to get this basic proxy setup working?

EDIT Now that I look closely to the other logs, I see the following message when Traefik is reloading its configuration following the start of the whoami container:

time="2020-01-13T16:43:55Z" level=debug msg="Configuration received from provider docker: {\"http\":{\"routers\":{\"whoami\":{\"service\":\"whoami-docker-composed\",\"rule\":\"Host(`whoami.example.info`)\"}},\"services\":{\"whoami-docker-composed\":{\"loadBalancer\":{\"servers\":[{\"url\":\"http://172.17.0.2:80\"}],\"passHostHeader\":true}}}},\"tcp\":{}}" providerName=docker
time="2020-01-13T16:43:55Z" level=debug msg="No entryPoint defined for this router, using the default one(s) instead: [web websecure traefik]" routerName=whoami@docker

Should an entryPoint be defined somewhere? What is the reason for that definition?